Collection Development

Collection Development

The collection development policy identifies the various library collections and includes guidelines or principals for their ongoing management.  (ASLA,ALIA, 2001, p. 75)

When developing an effective collection, it is necessary to develop a long-term perspective and to establish the principles and standards to be reflected. (Debowski, 2001, p.115)

A school library collection should respond to the needs of the students and teachers. A relevant, dynamic and responsive collection of information resources' is crucial to the delivery of curriculum. (ASLA/ALIAp. 25)  

The Western Australian Department of Education and Training provides excellent advice about selecting resources for school libraries and a sample collection development policy. Education Queensland's its Libr@ry Services provide Learning Resource Selection Guidelines for Schools and a sample selection plan. The State Library of Queensland provides a ‘Collection Development Template’ on its website. The template includes sections for:

  • Objectives
  • Responsibility for selection
  • Methods for selection
  • Criteria for selection
  • Collection evaluation and assessment
  • Withdrawal
  • Scope of the collection
  • Interlibrary loan
  • Gifts and donations
  • Censorship and intellectual freedom

Centenary Library Collection  

Learning for the Future (ASLA/ALIAp. 31) provides a table suggesting the size of the collection required to provide 'an acceptable resourcing level to meet learning outcomes' based on school enrolments. For a school of 580 students, a collection of over 12,600 is suggested. The school's library's collection falls well below this recommendation.

The teacher librarian (TL) explained that the library should have a collection development policy that should be reviewed and revised every three years. He believed that the policy should specify the proportion of fiction to non-fiction, the encyclopaedia, the nature of the teacher reference, and weeding policy. He intended to develop the policies once the new library is opened.(2.3.1)

The TL spoke briefly about most of these topics from the State Library of Queensland's ‘Collection Development Templateduring our discussion.

 New Library Collection

Our library still doesn't have a formal collection development policy. However, teacher reference material and curriculum related resources are paid for from curriculum funds and the library budget is mainly used to maintain the non-fiction and Accelerated Reader sections of the library. The collection development priorities generally respond to changes in the student population and to student interests.

The implementation of the national curriculum will provide an excellent opportunity to collaborate with the HOC to select resources to support the C2C units of work provided by Education Queensland. The first step in this process was successfully negotiating permission for both TLs to attend the "Creating Library Futures" conference in October 2011 to learn about Queensland initiatives related to implementing the national curriculum.

The second step will be organising a review of the existing curriculum resource boxes at the end of this year to determine which units match aspects of the national curriculum and which resources will be appropriate. This process will also help me become familiar with the national curriculum.

An indepth knowledge of the C2C units of work will be a good starting point for working more closely with teachers next year.

Plans for 2012 include developing library policies and procedures that reflect the contemporary school library practice and school's current and projected priorities.

The main objective of collection development processes
in recent years has been to maintain and expand the Accelerated Reader collection. While quizzes are
available for both fiction and non-fiction books, demand
from students is higher for fiction. The school collection reflects this demand.
(2.2.2)

The TL sources or orders books for the library collection. The following selection criteria for selection.

  • Is there an AR Quiz for the book?
  • Is there demand for the AR reading range of the book?
  • Is the author and/or title popular?

Books are also purchased to replace missing or damaged books that are in high demand. The TL often purchases multiple copies of popular titles. This has impacted on the nature of the library collection. The fiction section is now disproportionately larger than the non-fiction section.

However, the TL is more concerned about currency of the
non-fiction collection, than the size. He explained that,
‘some very good quality non-fiction resources have gone
out of date without ever being borrowed’. He believes that
the Internet provides a viable cost-effective alternative to maintaining a large non-fiction section.

Prior to 2009, to compensate for a dwindling non-fiction collection, staff encouraged students to access non-fiction books from Council libraries.

The library budget is mainly used to maintain the non-fiction and Accelerated Reader sections of the library. The collection development priorities generally respond to changes in the student population and to student interests.

In 2011, our collection development priorities have been:

  • expand the picture book section to cater for a growing number of preparatory year classes
  • expand the non-fiction sections of the Accelerated Reader collection to provide more opportunities for students to do non-fiction quizzes
  • replace the Robert Muchamore Cherub series (which were challenged) with other similar age-appropriate series

Next year's priorities will be developing a collection development policy in consultation with the literacy committee and the bookclub ladies and resourcing the national curriculum. 

The library has strengthened links with the Council library and increased emphasis on using digital resources. In 2012 we intend to trial the offer by the Council library to get in borrowed bulk loans of relevant books for particular units of work, and to investigate the relevance of the Council databases and image galleries to Years 6 & 7 units of work.

We also intend to focus on building up the audio-visual section as most of the videos and audio cassettes have not been replace.

The TL sometimes collaborates with the Head of Curriculum to select and purchase resources to support the curriculum. Resources purchased from curriculum funds were meant to be managed through the library - catalogued and stored in unit-specific curriculum boxes. However, most of the time the HOC purchased resources in response to the immediate needs of teachers. As a result, these resources were often given to teachers without being accessioned. (1.3.1)

Teacher reference material and curriculum resources are paid for from curriculum funds. The implementation of the national curriculum will provide an excellent opportunity to collaborate with the HOC to select resources to support the C2C units of work provided by Education Queensland. The first step in this process was negotiating permission for both TLs to attend the "Creating Library Futures" conference in October 2011 to learn about Queensland initiatives related to implementing the national curriculum. 

The collection contains series, such as Animorphs,
Aussie Bites, Aussie Nibbles, Aussie Chomps, Bright Sparks, Hot Shots, Saddle Club and Goosebumps are popular.

Authors like Paul Jennings, Roald Dahl, Judy Blume,
Emily Rodda, Tamora Pierce, Gary Crew, Andy Griffiths,
JK Rowling and Morris Gleitzman are among the most frequently borrowed authors.

Strategies used to expand the library collection in 2011 included:

  • Holding a book fair in Education Week that focussed on increasing the picture book collection
  • placing a notice in the school newsletter each month requesting donations of books by particular authors to help replace popular titles
  • working with the book club ladies to use the book club vouchers to get free books for the library.

In response to student and teacher requests and reading trends, I have added the following series to the collection. 

  • Our Australian Girl
  • Horrible Histories
  • Disgusting Science
  • 365 Days
  • 39 Clues
  • My Story
  • Star Wars
  • Zac Power
  • Charlie and Lola

Strategies for raising funds to expand the library collection
that could be further explored include:

  • Holding additional book fairs or increasing the promotion of the Education Week book fair
  • Soliciting corporate or individual donations
  • Applying for grants
  • Investigating the economy of 'standing orders'.

Lamont Standing Orders collections come with teachers
notes. A range of services are also offered by
Scholastic.

In addition, the picture book section needs expanding to
cater for the introduction of additional Prep classes at the school.
(2.2.2)

Purchasing an IWB for the library this year limited the funds available for purchasing books. Once again the school ran a book fair in Education Week. This year it focussed on building up the picture book collection to provide for the increase in lower school enrolments. We purchased second-hand BCC library books. I put monthly requests for book donations in the school newsletter. And I collaborated with the book club ladies to use vouchers to purchase series that were offered on special.

The library has strengthened links with the Council library and increased emphasis on using digital resources. In 2012 we intend to trial the offer by the Council library to get in borrowed bulk loans of relevant books for particular units of work, and to investigate the relevance of the Council databases and image galleries to Years 6 & 7 units of work.

We also intend to focus on building up the audio-visual section as most of the videos and audio cassettes have not been replace.

 REFLECTION

In 2012, we need to strengthen consultation with the Literacy Committee, HOC and classroom teachers about the resource demands of the national curriculum and in  particular the C2C (Curriculum to Classroom units of work. This year, I had asked to be a member of the Literacy Committee. Unfortunately that committee meets on a day that I don't work. so the chair of the committee keeps me up-to-date by email, and I access committee meeting notes from the school intranet.

Next year there will also have to be an increased emphasis on electronic resources. I began collecting advice about e-books from the TL discussions lists this year with a view to further investigating this in 2012.

References

Australian School Library Association, Australian Library and Information Association. (2001). Learning for the Future, 2nd Ed. Carlton, Victoria: Curriculum Corporation.

Debowski, S. (2001). Policies for collection management. In Dillon, K & Henri, J Eds. Providing more with less: Collection management for school libraries. Charles Sturt University Centre for Information Studies: Wagga Wagga. 115–142.

State Library of Queensland. (2008). Collection Development Training. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved October 16, 2008 from http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/info/publib/coldev/training

Western Australian Department of Education and Training. (2007). Selecting Resources for School Libraries. Retrieved October 31, 2008 from http://www.det.wa.edu.au/education/cmis/LibrarySupport/selecting.htm#collection